- Caecum Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003353] —
- Calculated Abdominal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0000867] —
- Calculated Acoustic Startle Response Measurement [CMO:0002046] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the psychophysiological phenomena such as involuntary motor and autonomic reactions, evidenced by an individual in reaction to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise.
- Calculated Adipocyte Free Fatty Acid Secretion Measurement [CMO:0000878] —
- Calculated Adipocyte Glucose Uptake Measurement [CMO:0000872] —
- Calculated Adrenal Gland Weight [CMO:0000144] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both adrenal glands.
- Calculated Ankle Joint Diameter [CMO:0002151] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the diameter of one or more ankle joints.
- Calculated Anorectal Physiological Measurement [CMO:0003767] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of some parameter of anorectal physiology.
- Calculated Aorta Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002721] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds.
- Calculated Aorta Smooth Muscle Cell Count [CMO:0001645] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds.
- Calculated Aorta Wall Molecular Composition Measurement [CMO:0002001] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of the aorta.
- Calculated Apoptotic Body Measurement [CMO:0001116] — Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more apoptotic bodies, small sealed membrane vesicles that are produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis.
- Calculated Apoptotic Cell Measurement [CMO:0001097] —
- Calculated Artery Diameter Measurement [CMO:0000973] — Measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at either the inner surface or outer surface of the blood vessel wall, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Artery Inner Diameter Measurement [CMO:0000980] — A measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
- Calculated Artery Lesion Measurement [CMO:0000976] — Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of an artery due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined.
- Calculated Artery Neointimal Hyperplastic Lesion Area [CMO:0001415] — Any measurement of one or more hyperplastic lesions of the arterial tunica intima which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process.
- Calculated Artery Wall Thickness Measurement [CMO:0000967] — A measurement of the depth of the wall of an artery which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues.
- Calculated Back Fat Morphological Measurement [CMO:0000430] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the posterior part of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis.
- Calculated Balance Measurement [CMO:0002292] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support.
- Calculated Blood Acetaminophen Level [CMO:0002470] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood Albumin Level [CMO:0002400] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood Apolipoprotein Level [CMO:0000523] —
- Calculated Blood CD25 Cell Count [CMO:0003786] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood CD4 Cell Count [CMO:0002344] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood CD8 Cell Count [CMO:0001989] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules.
- Calculated Blood Corticosterone Level [CMO:0003512] — Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Ethanol Level [CMO:0001771] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them.
- Calculated Blood Flow Measurement [CMO:0001543] — A measurement of the movement of blood through one or more vessels or organs in the body which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Globulin Level [CMO:0002403] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of globulin in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood Glucagon Level [CMO:0001358] — Measurement of the amount of glucagon in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Glucose Level [CMO:0000352] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them.
- Calculated Blood Glycated Albumin Level [CMO:0002901] —
- Calculated Blood Hemoglobin Level [CMO:0002900] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of hemoglobin, or a derivative of hemoglobin, in a specified sample of blood.
- Calculated Blood Insulin Level [CMO:0000353] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them.
- Calculated Blood Lipoprotein Level [CMO:0001362] — A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in blood which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component.
- Calculated Blood Pressure [CMO:0000008] — A blood pressure measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood.
- Calculated Blood Thyroid Hormone Level [CMO:0001360] — A measurement of one or more thyroid hormones, the hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Area [CMO:0003647] — A measurement of blood vessel area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Contractile Force Measurement [CMO:0000720] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Diameter Measurement [CMO:0000963] — A measurement of blood vessel diameter which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Dilation Force Reduction Measurement [CMO:0000723] — Measurement of the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel via calculations from direct measurements rather than expressing the direct measurements themselves.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Distensibility [CMO:0000715] —
- Calculated Blood Vessel Endothelium Measurement [CMO:0000707] —
- Calculated Blood Vessel Lesion Measurement [CMO:0000977] — Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of a blood vessel due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Maximum Contractile Force Measurement [CMO:0001655] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Smooth Muscle Cell Count [CMO:0001644] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body.
- Calculated Blood Vessel Wall Thickness Measurement [CMO:0000965] — A measurement of the depth of the wall of a blood vessel which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Blood Volume [CMO:0003662] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by circulating blood.
- Calculated Body Fat Morphological Measurement [CMO:0000312] — This is a measurement of body adipose tissue which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Body Morphological Measurement [CMO:0000022] —
- Calculated Body Region Fat Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001250] — Measurement of the adipose tissue located in a specific body region which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Body Weight Estimate [CMO:0002304] — An approximation of the weight or heaviness of the body of an organism based on non-weight measurements such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- Calculated Body Weight Gain Measurement [CMO:0003939] — This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the total body weight gained by a subject per period of time or or under specified conditions.
- Calculated Body Weight Measurement [CMO:0001196] —
- Calculated Bone Cross-sectional Area Measurement [CMO:0001682] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts.
- Calculated Bone Mineral Content Measurement [CMO:0001555] — A measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral in bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts.
- Calculated Bone Mineral Density Measurement [CMO:0003890] — This is a measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts.
- Calculated Bone Section Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002703] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of a slice or other portion of a bone.
- Calculated Both Kidneys Weight [CMO:0001952] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of both (the complete set of two) of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Brain Copper Weight [CMO:0003456] — A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of brain, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Brain Infarction Volume [CMO:0003168] —
- Calculated Brain Ventricle Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001973] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of one or more of the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
- Calculated Brain Weight [CMO:0000138] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the brain, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Calorie Intake Measurement [CMO:0003934] — This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories consumed by a subject per period of time.
- Calculated Capillary Measurement [CMO:0003837] — Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid.
- Calculated Cardiac Output Measurement [CMO:0002880] —
- Calculated Cell Ion Flux [CMO:0003495] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of cellular ion flux.
- Calculated Cerebral Artery Inner Diameter Measurement [CMO:0001188] — The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum.
- Calculated Coat/hair Color Measurement [CMO:0001809] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors.
- Calculated Colonic Aganglionosis Severity Measurement [CMO:0001835] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular.
- Calculated Daily Sperm Count [CMO:0001610] — A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period.
- Calculated Differential White Blood Cell Count [CMO:0000024] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of leukocytes present in a sample of blood for which a total white blood cell count was taken, usually 1 cubic mm of peripheral venous blood.
- Calculated Drink Calorie Intake Measurement [CMO:0002329] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the drink.
- Calculated Drink Intake Measurement [CMO:0002330] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of any parameter related to the process whereby drink, any liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., is taken in for utilization by the body.
- Calculated Drink Intake Rate [CMO:0002332] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed per unit time.
- Calculated Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0002333] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time.
- Calculated Drink Intake Weight [CMO:0002331] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the drink, that is, the liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time.
- Calculated End-diastolic Volume [CMO:0002914] —
- Calculated End-systolic Volume [CMO:0002915] — A measurement of the volume of blood in a ventricle at the end of a contraction which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Epididymal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0001200] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis.
- Calculated Ethanol Drink Intake Rate [CMO:0001615] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time.
- Calculated Ethanol Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0001589] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time.
- Calculated Ethanol Intake Weight [CMO:0001764] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time.
- Calculated Femoral Neck Cross-sectional Area [CMO:0001698] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane perpendicularly through thelong axis of femoral neck, the portion of the femur adjacent to the femoral head.
- Calculated Femur Cross-sectional Area [CMO:0001694] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds.
- Calculated Femur Midshaft Cross-sectional Area [CMO:0001701] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. The plane of the cross-section would be perpendicular to the longest axis of the femur.
- Calculated Food Calorie Intake Measurement [CMO:0002207] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food.
- Calculated Food Intake Measurement [CMO:0001774] — A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any parameter related to the process whereby food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) is taken in for utilization by the body.
- Calculated Food Intake Volume Measurement [CMO:0002220] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food consumed by an organism.
- Calculated Food Intake Weight Measurement [CMO:0002211] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Gastrointestinal Tract Weight [CMO:0003017] —
- Calculated Glomerular Filtration Rate [CMO:0002931] —
- Calculated Heart Blood Flow Measurement [CMO:0002788] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the movement of blood into, through or out of the heart.
- Calculated Heart Infarction Area [CMO:0003242] —
- Calculated Heart Infarction Volume [CMO:0003241] —
- Calculated Heart Infarction Weight [CMO:0000696] —
- Calculated Heart Left Atrium Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001487] — A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left atrium, the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the left ventricle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Deoxyribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0001648] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body.
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle End-diastolic Anterior Wall Thickness [CMO:0002892] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle End-diastolic Diameter [CMO:0003219] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle End-diastolic Posterior Wall Thickness [CMO:0002890] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle End-systolic Internal Diameter [CMO:0002868] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle End-systolic Posterior Wall Thickness [CMO:0002866] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Fibrotic Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0003744] — This is a measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the heart left ventricle, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Infarction Area [CMO:0000693] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Infarction Volume [CMO:0003240] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Infarction Weight [CMO:0000694] —
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Morphological Measurement [CMO:0000984] — A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body.
- Calculated Heart Left Ventricle Weight [CMO:0001123] — A measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the weight of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, its the heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body.
- Calculated Heart Rate Measurement [CMO:0002161] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of heart rate, the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time.
- Calculated Heart Right Atrium Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002951] —
- Calculated Heart Right Ventricle Deoxyribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0001651] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung.
- Calculated Heart Right Ventricle Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001125] —
- Calculated Heart Right Ventricle Weight [CMO:0001124] —
- Calculated Heart Ventricle End-diastolic Septal Wall Thickness [CMO:0002894] —
- Calculated Heart Ventricle End-systolic Septal Wall Thickness [CMO:0002870] —
- Calculated Heart Wall Thickness Measurement [CMO:0000991] —
- Calculated Heart Weight [CMO:0000073] —
- Calculated Horizontal Distance Resulting from Voluntary Locomotion in An Experimental Apparatus [CMO:0002814] —
- Calculated Inflammatory Exudate Cell Count [CMO:0002662] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of cells (all cells and/or cells of a specific type) in a sample of exudate.
- Calculated Inflammatory Exudate Eicosanoid Measurement [CMO:0001440] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process, of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation.
- Calculated Inguinal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0001252] — A value which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation for the heaviness or degree to which the inguinal fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Intramuscular Fat Area [CMO:0001163] — A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single deposit of intramuscular fat or a measurement of the total area occupied by intramuscular fat in a cross-section of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Intramuscular Fat Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001145] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle.
- Calculated Intramuscular Fat Weight [CMO:0001164] — A measurement of the amount, by weight, of the small deposits of fat located within a specified amount of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Kidney Copper Weight [CMO:0003476] — A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of kidney, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Kidney Enzyme Activity Measurement [CMO:0003423] —
- Calculated Kidney Fibrotic Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0001257] — A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single kidney fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the kidney, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Kidney Glomerular Podocyte Measurement [CMO:0003711] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomerular podocytes of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Kidney Glomerulosclerotic Lesion Measurement [CMO:0001134] — A measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within one or more kidney glomeruli which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Kidney Glomerulus Count [CMO:0003798] — Any count that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Kidney Glomerulus Measurement [CMO:0002817] —
- Calculated Kidney Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002947] —
- Calculated Kidney Non-tumorous Lesion Measurement [CMO:0002378] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a morphological or physiological parameter of non-neoplastic lesions in the kidney.
- Calculated Kidney Physiological Measurement [CMO:0003420] — A measurement of kidney function which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Kidney Protein Composition Measurement [CMO:0001182] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type, of protein (the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in kidney.
- Calculated Kidney Weight [CMO:0000160] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Lean Tissue Mass Measurement [CMO:0003951] — This is a measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the total lean tissue mass of an organism.
- Calculated Left Ventricular Blood Pressure [CMO:0001744] — Any measurement of the blood pressure in the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Left ventricular blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body.
- Calculated Left Ventricular End-diastolic Blood Pressure Measurement [CMO:0002992] —
- Calculated Left Ventricular End-systolic Blood Pressure [CMO:0002884] —
- Calculated Left Ventricular Isovolumetric Relaxation Time [CMO:0002552] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of left ventricular relaxation and the start of left ventricular filling.
- Calculated Litter Size Measurement [CMO:0002380] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of offspring in a litter. A litter refers to the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal.
- Calculated Liver Copper Weight [CMO:0001509] — A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Fat Volume [CMO:0002189] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism.
- Calculated Liver Fibrotic Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0001093] — Any measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Glutathione Level [CMO:0002481] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of glutathione in a specified sample of liver tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain.
- Calculated Liver Iron Amount [CMO:0003576] — A measurement of the amount of the iron in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Malondialdehyde Level [CMO:0002484] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress.
- Calculated Liver Physiological Measurement [CMO:0003844] — A measurement of any functional parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Remodeling Tumorous Lesion Number [CMO:0001704] — Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Tumorous Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0001073] — Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Tumorous Lesion Measurement [CMO:0001420] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a liver lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells.
- Calculated Liver Tumorous Lesion Number [CMO:0001209] — A measure of the number of tumorous lesions in or on the surface of the liver, or in a specified section of the liver when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells.
- Calculated Liver Tumorous Lesion Volume Measurement [CMO:0001080] — Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion, or of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Liver Volume [CMO:0002191] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins.
- Calculated Liver Weight [CMO:0000157] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the liver, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Lung Weight [CMO:0000101] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Lymph Node Weight [CMO:0002312] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heaviness of any of the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph.
- Calculated Lymphocyte Tracer Radioactivity Measurement [CMO:0001867] — Any quantification, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body.
- Calculated Lymphoma Size Measurement [CMO:0003587] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a lymphomatous lesion, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of lymphocytes in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive.
- Calculated Mean Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement [CMO:0003895] — This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of mean arterial blood pressure, the average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time.
- Calculated Measurement of Mechanical Stimulus Needed to Elicit Evasive Reaction [CMO:0003679] — A measurement of the pressure of liquid, gas, or solid stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Mesenteric Artery Molecular Composition Measurement [CMO:0002851] —
- Calculated Mesenteric Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0000653] —
- Calculated Middle Cerebral Artery Inner Diameter Measurement [CMO:0001189] — The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain.
- Calculated Middle Ear Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002671] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear.
- Calculated Milk Casein Content [CMO:0000799] — The measured amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk expressed as a normalized or otherwise mathematically adjusted value.
- Calculated Milk Fat Content Measurement [CMO:0000825] —
- Calculated Milk Protein Content Measurement [CMO:0000797] —
- Calculated Milk Whey Protein Content [CMO:0000811] — The combined alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin content in milk, expressed as a value which has been normalized or otherwise mathmatically adjusted.
- Calculated Morphological Liver Measurement [CMO:0003597] — A measurement of any parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Motor Neuron Count [CMO:0001985] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of motor neurons (efferent neurons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, or other effector tissues) in a specified sample.
- Calculated Nephron Measurement [CMO:0003672] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the nephrons of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Neuron Golgi Apparatus Area Measurement [CMO:0002839] —
- Calculated Neuron Lysosome Area Measurement [CMO:0002835] —
- Calculated Neuron Mitochondrion Area Measurement [CMO:0002831] —
- Calculated Neuron Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Area Measurement [CMO:0002843] —
- Calculated Neuron Vacuole Area Measurement [CMO:0002847] —
- Calculated Offspring Mortality Measurement [CMO:0003818] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of dead offspring in a litter or prospective litter. A litter or prospective litter refers to the products of one gestation produced by a multiparous mammal.
- Calculated Ovary Weight [CMO:0003018] —
- Calculated Pancreas Insulin Level [CMO:0002588] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin in a sample of tissue from the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas).
- Calculated Pancreas Total Protein Level [CMO:0001143] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of protein in the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas).
- Calculated Pancreas Weight [CMO:0000628] —
- Calculated Pancreatic Islet Area [CMO:0001057] — A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, or a measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Pancreatic Islet Beta Cell Area [CMO:0001061] — Any measurement of beta cell area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin.
- Calculated Pancreatic Islet Insulin Release Measurement [CMO:0001217] — Any measurement pertaining to the secretion of insulin, the major fuel-regulating peptide hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, from the pancreatic islets which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Pancreatic Islet Weight [CMO:0001816] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight, i.e., the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single pancreatic islet or of the total of all of the islets in the entire pancreas or in a specified part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells.
- Calculated Pituitary Gland Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001755] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation.
- Calculated Pituitary Gland Weight [CMO:0000616] —
- Calculated Plasma Acetaminophen Level [CMO:0002472] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Albumin Level [CMO:0002140] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma. Albumin is the major plasma protein, responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serving as a transport protein for large organic anions (e.g., fatty acids, bilirubin, some drugs) and for some hormones when their specific binding globulins are saturated.
- Calculated Plasma Aldosterone Level [CMO:0002878] —
- Calculated Plasma AMG-8718 Level [CMO:0003075] —
- Calculated Plasma Arginine Level [CMO:0003737] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood plasma, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Level [CMO:0003738] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Chylomicron Cholesterol Level [CMO:0003899] — The amount of chylomicron cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues.
- Calculated Plasma Corticosterone Level [CMO:0003513] — Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of plasma, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Plasma Creatinine Level [CMO:0000768] —
- Calculated Plasma E. Coli Specific Antibody Level [CMO:0002605] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Epinephrine Level [CMO:0002374] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Glucose Level [CMO:0003556] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of plasma.
- Calculated Plasma Insulin Level [CMO:0002170] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Intermediate Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level [CMO:0003902] — The amount of intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and LDL.
- Calculated Plasma Lipoprotein Level [CMO:0001364] — A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component.
- Calculated Plasma Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level [CMO:0001245] — The amount of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. The calculation can be made using any of several computational formulas, e.g. the Friedewald (1972) Formula: LDL = TC - HDL - TG/5.0 (mg/dL), or the 'Iranian' (2008) Formula: LDL = TC/1.19 + TG/1.9 - HDL/1.1 - 38 (mg/dL).
- Calculated Plasma Nifedipine Level [CMO:0003606] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of nifedipine, a potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action, in a specified sample of plasma.
- Calculated Plasma Norepinephrine Level [CMO:0002376] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.
- Calculated Plasma Pyrophosphate Level [CMO:0004007] — This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of inorganic pyrophosphate in a specified sample of plasma, the clear liquid that separates from blood after cells, platelets, and cellular debris has been removed.
- Calculated Plasma Triglyceride Level [CMO:0003607] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids and are widespread in adipose tissue.
- Calculated Plasma Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level [CMO:0003900] — The amount of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. VLDL are a class of lipoproteins (typical density in plasma between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles.
- Calculated Platelet Aggregation Measurement [CMO:0003681] — Measurement of the ability of platelets to aggregate in response to a known platelet aggregating factor such as collagen, ADP or thrombin which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Platelet Count [CMO:0003234] —
- Calculated Platelet Morphological Measurement [CMO:0003525] — A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the measurement of the physical form or structure of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria.
- Calculated Prostate Tumorous Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0000889] — Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance [CMO:0000702] — Measurement of vascular resistance in lung blood vessels calculated from other indirect measurements.
- Calculated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Normalized to Body Weight [CMO:0000703] —
- Calculated Pulse Pressure Measurement [CMO:0003718] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
- Calculated Quinine Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0001769] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of quinine consumed as a drink, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and decreases the excitability of the motor end plate.
- Calculated Red Blood Cell Na+/K+ ATPase Activity [CMO:0003852] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity, the level of ouabain-sensitivity activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase.
- Calculated Red Blood Cell Na-K-Cl Cotransport Activity [CMO:0003854] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity, the action of the symporter that transports two chloride ions for every sodium and potassium ion transported, thus maintaining electroneutrality.
- Calculated Red Blood Cell Sodium/potassium Passive Permeability [CMO:0003862] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell sodium and potassium ion flux into erythrocytes in the presence of a sodium-potassium pump inhibitor (ouabain) and a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter inhibitor (furosemide or bumetamide).
- Calculated Renal Blood Flow Rate [CMO:0001167] — A measurement of the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Renal Cortex Protein Composition Measurement [CMO:0001183] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the kidney cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules.
- Calculated Renal Medulla Protein Composition Measurement [CMO:0001184] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood.
- Calculated Renal Plasma Flow [CMO:0001917] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity Measurement [CMO:0001785] — A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the recordable electrical energy in a renal sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers.
- Calculated Renal Vascular Resistance [CMO:0001899] — A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Retina Horizontal Cell Count [CMO:0003559] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina horizontal cell count from one or both retinas.
- Calculated Retina Rod Bipolar Cell Count [CMO:0003563] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina rod bipolar cell count from one or both retinas.
- Calculated Retinal Outer Nuclear Layer Photoreceptor Nucleus Count [CMO:0003441] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count.
- Calculated Retroperitoneal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0000634] —
- Calculated Saccharin Drink Intake Rate [CMO:0001613] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time.
- Calculated Saccharin Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0001600] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink in a specified period of time.
- Calculated Serum Acetaminophen Level [CMO:0002598] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed.
- Calculated Serum Anti-porcine Type 2 Collagen Antibody Titer [CMO:0001278] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen in a specified sample of serum, when that measurement is based on, or uses in the calculation, the antibody titer. An antibody titer is the last dilution of a sample at which a positive result could be obtained.
- Calculated Serum Anti-rat Type 2 Collagen Autoantibody Titer [CMO:0001281] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of rat type 2 collagen autoantibody in a specified sample of serum, when the caluculation is based on the autoantibody titer. A serum autoantibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained for an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed.
- Calculated Serum Anti-type 2 Collagen Antibody Titer [CMO:0001279] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen in a specified volume of serum, when that calculation is based on the antibody titer. A serum antibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained.
- Calculated Serum Calcium Level [CMO:0003226] — This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of calcium in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed.
- Calculated Serum Glucose Level [CMO:0002725] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed.
- Calculated Serum High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level [CMO:0003008] —
- Calculated Serum Insulin Level [CMO:0000359] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed.
- Calculated Serum Lipoprotein Level [CMO:0001363] — A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component.
- Calculated Serum Phosphate Level [CMO:0003230] —
- Calculated Serum Triglyceride Level [CMO:0002039] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins.
- Calculated Single Kidney Weight [CMO:0001951] — Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of only one of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Calculated Skeletal Muscle Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001146] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of skeletal muscles, the striated muscles attached to bones.
- Calculated Skin Electrolyte Measurement [CMO:0002767] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any electrolyte(s) in skin.
- Calculated Sperm Count [CMO:0001608] — A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, in a specified sample of semen.
- Calculated Spinal Cord Ventral Horn Area Measurement [CMO:0001979] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the two-dimensional extent of a plane through the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue.
- Calculated Spleen Mononuclear Cell Count [CMO:0003536] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mononuclear cell counts of the spleen, that is, the number of mononuclear cells (leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus) found in a specified sample of spleen.
- Calculated Spleen Weight [CMO:0000148] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the spleen, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Stroke Volume [CMO:0002882] —
- Calculated Sucrose Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0002201] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of sucrose consumed in a specified period of time. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid.
- Calculated Tear Volume Measurement [CMO:0003582] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by tears produced by an organism.
- Calculated Testis Weight [CMO:0000152] — The weight of one or both of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathmatical process or computation.
- Calculated Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003522] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of thymocytes present in a sample of thymus for which a total thymocyte count was taken.
- Calculated Thymus Weight [CMO:0000611] —
- Calculated Tibia Bone Volume [CMO:0001726] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all or part of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus.
- Calculated Tissue Deoxyribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003888] — This is a measurement of one or more deoxyribonucleic acids, the molecules that are usually the molecular basis of heredity, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Total Heart Ventricle Weight [CMO:0001317] — A measurement of the combined weight of both heart ventricles that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Total Pancreatic Islet Beta Cell Weight [CMO:0001817] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the entirety of the islet beta cells in the pancreas. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin.
- Calculated Trachea Morphological Measurement [CMO:0003152] —
- Calculated Trichinosis Severity Measurement [CMO:0002022] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of the trichinosis disease state, i.e. infection with nematode worms of the Trichinella genus (including Trichinella spiralis, the traditional etiological agent), has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which the parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism.
- Calculated Urine Albumin Level [CMO:0002922] —
- Calculated Urine Catecholamine Excretion Rate [CMO:0002572] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of one or more catecholamines eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time.
- Calculated Urine Chloride Level [CMO:0003025] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of chloride in a specified sample of urine.
- Calculated Urine Copper Measurement [CMO:0003492] — Any measurement of urine copper which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Urine Creatinine Level [CMO:0002757] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of creatinine in a specified sample of urine.
- Calculated Urine Electrolyte Excretion Rate [CMO:0002160] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an electrolyte, that is, a substance that dissociates into ions, excreted in the urine per unit time.
- Calculated Urine Norepinephrine Level [CMO:0001633] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys.
- Calculated Urine Potassium Level [CMO:0002929] —
- Calculated Urine Protein Level [CMO:0000949] — Any measurement of urine protein which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Urine Sodium Level [CMO:0002927] —
- Calculated Urine Urea Level [CMO:0002925] —
- Calculated Urine Urotensin II Level [CMO:0002920] —
- Calculated Urine Vanillylmandelic Acid Level [CMO:0001635] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys.
- Calculated Uterus Weight [CMO:0002417] — This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity.
- Calculated Ventral Prostate Tumorous Lesion Area Measurement [CMO:0000898] — Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the ventral prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation.
- Calculated Ventricle Contraction Measurement [CMO:0002911] —
- Calculated Vocalization Measurement [CMO:0002135] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication.
- Calculated Voluntary Body Movement Measurement [CMO:0002133] — A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a movement of all or part of the body which originated with, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice.
- Calculated Water Drink Intake Rate [CMO:0002858] —
- Calculated Water Drink Intake Volume [CMO:0001590] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink in a specified period of time.
- Calculated Weight of Islet Beta Cells in Duodenal Region of Pancreas [CMO:0001818] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the head region of the pancreas, the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine, and contains the major pancreatic duct. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin.
- Calculated Weight of Islet Beta Cells in Splenic Region of Pancreas [CMO:0001819] — A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the tail region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes). The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin.
- Calculated White Blood Cell Measurement [CMO:0000375] — Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more white blood cells, any of various blood cells that have a nucleus and cytoplasm, separate into a thin white layer when whole blood is centrifuged, and help protect the body from infection and disease.
- Calculated Whole Body Visceral Fat Weight [CMO:0002807] —
- Calorie Intake Measurement [CMO:0002248] — Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the source of those calories, i.e., a food, a drink, or both.
- Calories Absorbed to Calorie Intake Ratio [CMO:0003935] — This is a calculated measurement in which the number of calories absorbed by a subject during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total calories consumed by the subject, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. It is a measure of the amount of ingested chemical energy actually absorbed by the subject.
- Capillary Measurement [CMO:0002536] — Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid.
- Capillary Number to Soleus Muscle Fiber Number Ratio [CMO:0003593] — The total number of capillaries divided by the total number of skeletal muscle fibers within each soleus muscle histological cross‐section.
- Carbachol Response/sensitivity Measurement [CMO:0003408] — Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors.
- Carbachol-induced Blood Vessel Dilation Expressed as Percent Reduction of the Force Generated in A Pre-constricted Blood Vessel [CMO:0003410] — This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of carbachol to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel.
- Carcass Circumference, Butt [CMO:0000457] — Distance around a carcass taken in a parallel plane just above the anal opening.
- Carcass Length [CMO:0000422] — Distance from end to end of animal after slaughter and removal of the head.
- Carcass Length, First Cervical Vertebra to Pelvis [CMO:0000474] — The distance from first cervical vertebra to pelvis on an animal after slaughter.
- Carcass Length, First Rib to Pelvis [CMO:0000475] — The distance from the first rib to pelvis on an animal after slaughter.
- Carcass Morphological Measurement [CMO:0000421] — Measure of the body of an organism after slaughter, with particular parts removed, often the head, hide or skin and internal organs.
- Carcass Skeletal Weight [CMO:0000462] — Aggregated weight of bones constituting the carcass of an animal after slaughter usually with portions removed such as the head.
- Carcass Weight [CMO:0000458] — The weight of an animal's body after slaughter with particular parts removed, often the head, internal organs and skin or hide.
- Carcass Width [CMO:0000463] — Distance from side to side of an organism's body after slaughter often with parts removed such as the head, skin or hide and internal organs.
- Cardiac Index [CMO:0002881] —
- Cardiac Muscle Fiber Diameter [CMO:0002760] — The length of a straight line passing through a cardiac muscle fiber, that is a cardiomyocyte, for instance through the center of its nucleus, and connecting opposite points on its periphery.
- Cardiac Muscle Fiber Morphological Measurement [CMO:0002759] — Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a cardiac muscle fiber, a striated cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) that is responsible for heart contraction.
- Cardiac Myocyte Cross-sectional Area [CMO:0003840] — A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a cardiac myocyte, striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei.
- Cardiac Output [CMO:0000197] — The volume of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute, also used to calculate - stroke volume X heart rate.
- Cardiomyocyte Count [CMO:0000228] — Number of cells of muscular tissue in the heart in a specified sample size.
- Cardiovascular Disease Measurement [CMO:0002558] — Any measurement related to a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the cardiovascular system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs.
- Cardiovascular Disease Severity Measurement [CMO:0002557] — Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of any cardiovascular disease state, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof.
- Cardiovascular Measurement [CMO:0000001] — Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter pertaining to the heart and/or blood vessels.
- Carotid Artery Blood Flow Velocity [CMO:0003813] — Measurement of average carotid artery blood flow velocity, the speed with which blood moves along the circulation in any particular segment of carotid artery. Blood flow velocity is related directly to blood flow and inversely to cross-sectional area. Blood flow velocity can be measured indirectly by Doppler ultrasound
- Cartilage Ribonucleic Acid Level [CMO:0003346] —
- Cataract Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001585] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cataract at a point in time or develop cataract within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule.
- Cataract Onset/diagnosis Measurement [CMO:0001583] — Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of one or more cataracts, or to the official determination of cataract as the cause of the observed symptom(s). A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule.
- Caudate Nucleus Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003317] —
- CD11b/c+ Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003534] — The number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD11B molecule (ITGAM, integrin alpha M chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 (Mac-1), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 (CR3). The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4).
- CD11b/c+ Splenocyte Count to Total Splenocyte Count Ratio [CMO:0003540] — A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4).
- CD3+ Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003533] — The number of splenocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes.. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells.
- CD3+ Splenocyte Count to Total Splenocyte Count Ratio [CMO:0003539] — A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD3 molecules in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- CD3+ Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003517] — The number of thymocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin, which control these processes.
- CD4+ Lymphocyte Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003963] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in CD4+ lymphocytes. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation.
- CD4+CD25+ Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003531] — The number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis.
- CD4+CD25+ Splenocyte Count to Total Splenocyte Count Ratio [CMO:0003538] — A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- CD4+CD25+ Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003530] — The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis.
- CD4+CD25- Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003532] — The number of splenocytes expressing CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis.
- CD4+CD25- Splenocyte Count to Total Splenocyte Count Ratio [CMO:0003537] — A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules, in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- CD4+CD8+ Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003528] — The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system.
- CD4+CD8- Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003527] — The number of thymocytes expressing CD4 molecules but not CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system.
- CD4-CD25+ Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003542] — The number of splenocytes expressing CD25 molecules, but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis.
- CD4-CD8+ Thymocyte Count [CMO:0003529] — The number of thymocytes expressing CD8 molecules but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system.
- CD45R+ Thymocyte Count [CMO:0001846] — The number of lymphocytes expressing the CD45 receptor (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C; PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. PTPRC is a transmembrane protein specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells which has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes.
- CD45RA+ Splenocyte Count [CMO:0003535] — The number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes.
- CD45RA+ Splenocyte Count to Total Splenocyte Count Ratio [CMO:0003541] — A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes.
- Cell Composition Measurement [CMO:0003914] — This is the quantitation or other measurement of the organelles, cytosol, and molecules which constitute the total make-up of a specified cell or set of cells.
- Cell Ion Flux [CMO:0003494] — The movement of ions across biological membranes essential for generating electrical signals, regulating ion homeostasis, cell volume, and maintaining the resting membrane potential.
- Cell Line Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003921] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell line after in vitro cell culturing for a specified number of passages (harvesting and reseeding/splitting into multiple daughter cultures). A cell linerefers to a defined population of cells that can be maintained in culture for an extended period of time, retaining stability of certain phenotypes and functions. Cell lines are usually clonal, meaning that the entire population originated from a single common ancestor cell.
- Cell Measurement [CMO:0000227] — Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cells. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning.
- Cell Membrane Potential [CMO:0000231] — Difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall.
- Cell Molecular Composition Measurement [CMO:0003915] — This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a specified cell or set of cells.
- Cell Organelle Measurement [CMO:0002825] — Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cellular organelles.
- Cell Ribonucleic Acid Level [CMO:0003916] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell or set of cells.
- Central Abdominal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0000314] —
- Central Nervous System Measurement [CMO:0001970] — Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the central nervous system, i.e., the brain and/or spinal cord.
- Central Nervous System Physiological Measurement [CMO:0001987] — Any quantification of a function of or process in the central nervous system, i.e. the brain and/or spinal cord.
- Central Retina Horizontal Cell Count to Area Ratio [CMO:0003560] — A calculated measurement in which the number of horizontal cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina.
- Central Retina Rod Bipolar Cell Count to Area Ratio [CMO:0003564] — A calculated measurement in which the number of rod bipolar cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the central retina. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells.
- Central Venous Pressure [CMO:0003657] — CVP (central venous pressure) is the pressure in the thoracic vena cava near the right atrium (therefore, CVP and right atrial pressure are essentially the same). Central venous pressure is an important concept in clinical cardiology because it is a major determinant of the filling pressure and therefore the preload of the right ventricle.
- Cerebellum Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003928] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the cerebellum is formed or composed.
- Cerebral Artery Inner Diameter [CMO:0001126] — The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum.
- Cerebral Blood Flow Rate [CMO:0003815] — Cerebral blood flow (CBF) rate is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting the brain, through a network of cerebral arteries and veins, per unit time
- Cerebral Cortex Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003341] —
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Chemistry Measurement [CMO:0001241] — A quantification of a parameter of the chemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid, the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Chloride Level [CMO:0001243] — Measurement of the amount of choride, the negatively charged ion of chlorine, found in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Electrolyte Measurement [CMO:0001242] — A quantification of one or more mineral salts found in the cerebrospinal fluid in the form of electrically charged ions.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Measurement [CMO:0001240] — Any measurement of the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Potassium Level [CMO:0003898] — The amount of cationic potassium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Sodium Level [CMO:0001244] — The amount of cationic sodium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid.
- Cerebrovascular Lesion Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0002279] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cerebrovascular lesions at a point in time or develop cerebrovascular lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cerebrovascular lesion is a non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. These include strokes, any of a group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to brain ischemia and/or intracranial hemorrhages.
- Cerebrovascular Lesion Measurement [CMO:0000924] — A non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined.
- Cerebrovascular Non-tumorous Lesion Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0000931] — A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion(s) at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined.
- Cerebrum Infarct Volume to Total Cerebrum Volume Ratio [CMO:0003169] —
- Cerebrum Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003270] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord 5-HIAA Level [CMO:0003127] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord Catecholamine Level [CMO:0003126] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord DOPAC Level [CMO:0003128] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord Dopamine Level [CMO:0003129] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord HVA Level [CMO:0003237] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord Monoamine Hormone Measurement [CMO:0003124] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord Norepinephrine Level [CMO:0003130] —
- Cervical Spinal Cord Serotonin Level [CMO:0003125] —
- Cervical Vertebra Length [CMO:0000459] — The distance from end to end of a single cervical vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A cervical vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the neck region of the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes.
- Cervical Vertebral Column Length [CMO:0000460] — Distance from end to end of the expanse of the spinal column made up of cervical vertebrae, which constitutes the neck skeletal frame.
- Change in Antibody Titer [CMO:0002549] — Any calculated measurement of the absolute or relative difference in antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions.
- Change in Arterial Blood Flow Rate [CMO:0000748] —
- Change in Blood Insulin Level [CMO:0000354] —
- Change in Body Weight [CMO:0002045] — Any measurement of the alteration(s) in body weight over time.
- Change in Body Weight to Body Weight Ratio [CMO:0002216] — A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- Change in Body Weight to Final Body Weight Ratio [CMO:0002217] — A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the second time point or under the second condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- Change in Body Weight to Initial Body Weight Ratio [CMO:0002218] — A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the first time point or under the first condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- Change in Calculated Blood Pressure [CMO:0000743] — Calculation of a difference between representations of blood pressure in a treated versus untreated state or over time, after the original values have been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood.
- Change in Cell Membrane Potential [CMO:0001018] — Measurement of any change in the difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall over time or after a change in conditions.
- Change in Developed Blood Pressure [CMO:0000744] — A calculated measurement of the difference in developed blood pressure between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled.
- Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure [CMO:0001016] — Measurement of any change or difference in the diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood.
- Change in Heart Rate to Change in Intracerebroventricular Sodium Concentration Ratio [CMO:0001231] — A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in heart rate and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of heart rate versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration.
- Change in Heart Rate to Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure Ratio [CMO:0002036] — Average slope of the line defined by the change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions.
- Change in Heart Rate to Change in Vasoactive Chemical Dose Ratio [CMO:0003904] — This is a calculated measurement in which the difference in the heart rate recorded between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the heart rate versus the chemical dose graph.
- Change in Left Ventricular Developed Pressure [CMO:0000752] — A calculated measurement of the difference in developed pressure measured in the heart left ventricle between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled.
- Change in Left Ventricular Systolic Blood Pressure [CMO:0000753] — Difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions.
- Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure to Change in Intracerebroventricular Sodium Concentration Ratio [CMO:0001230] — A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in mean arterial blood pressure and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of mean arterial blood pressure versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration.
- Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure to Change in the Logarithm of the Vasoconstrictor Dose Ratio [CMO:0001965] — A calculated measurement in which difference in the mean arterial blood pressure between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by difference in the logarithm of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus log of the vasoconstrictor dose [VC] graph, given by the equation (log[VC]2 - log[VC]1)/(MAP at [VC]2 - MAP at [VC]1). A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number.
- Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure to Change in Vasoactive Chemical Dose Ratio [CMO:0002296] — A calculated measurement in which the difference in the mean arterial blood pressure caused by two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus the chemical dose graph.
- Change in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity to Change in Intracerebroventricular Sodium Concentration Ratio [CMO:0001238] — A calculated measurement in which the change in the activity, i.e., the recordable electrical energy, of the renal sympathetic nerves between two points in time or two conditions is compared to the concentration of a solution of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of renal sympathetic nerve activity versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. A renal sympathetic nerve is a nerve (a cordlike structure that conveys impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that consists of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers) of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys.
- Change in RSNA to Change in MAP Ratio [CMO:0003893] — This calculated value is the average slope of the curve defined by the change in renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions.
- Change in Systolic Blood Pressure [CMO:0000746] — Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions.
- Chemical Response/sensitivity Measurement [CMO:0000719] — Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to a drug or other chemical stimulus.
- Chest Circumference [CMO:0000316] — Distance around the upper trunk of an organism, typically taken at the maximum breadth.
- Chordate Pharynx Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003347] —
- Choroid Plexus Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003367] —
- Chronic Experimental Arthritis Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001455] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental arthritis at a point in time or develop chronic experimental arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time.
- Chronic Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001891] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop chronic EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression.
- Chronic Pancreatitis Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001212] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic pancreatitis, that is, chronic or ongoing inflammation of the pancreas with fibrosis and calcification of the gland at a point in time or develop chronic pancreatitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio.
- Circular Vessel Area [CMO:0003646] — The circular vessel area of an artery is the area of the tunica intima with a patent lumen. Because arteries sometimes collapse during experimental processing, the circular vessel area (CA) can be calculated by measuring a length of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of an artery and applying the following formula: CA=(IEL x IEL)/4π.
- Circulation Measurement [CMO:0000195] — Any measurement of the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels.
- Cleaved Embryo Number Following in Vitro Fertilization [CMO:0000401] — The quantity determined by count of the number of embryos which have undergone cell division in a group of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization, the union of male and female germ cells outside the body, in an artificial environment such as in a laboratory medium.
- Clinical Measurement [CMO:0000000] — A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation.
- Coat/hair Color Measurement [CMO:0001808] — Any measurement of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors.
- Coat/hair Morphological Measurement [CMO:0001807] — Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments.
- Colon Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003254] —
- Colonic Aganglionosis Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001837] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colonic aganglionosis at a point in time or develop colonic aganglionosis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum.
- Colonic Aganglionosis Severity Measurement [CMO:0001834] — Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular.
- Colorectal Tumor Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0001800] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colorectal tumors at a point in time or develop colorectal tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal.
- Colorectal Tumor Measurement [CMO:0001793] — The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal.
- Colorectal Tumor Number [CMO:0001794] — A value or quantity determined by count of colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal.
- Colorectal Tumor Surface Area Measurement [CMO:0001797] — A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal.
- Combined Diencephalon and Midbrain Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003371] —
- Combined Dorsal Plus Ventral Thalamus Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003385] —
- Combined Forebrain and Midbrain Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003372] —
- Combined Levator Ani and Bulbocavernosus Muscle Weight [CMO:0002387] — The total weight of two perineal muscles, the levator ani (one or both of a pair of muscles of the pelvic diaphragm that stretches across the bottom of the pelvic cavity like a hammock, supporting the pelvic organs) and the bulbocavernosus muscle (a muscle that covers the bulb of the penis in the male and the bulbus vestibuli in the female), presented as a single measurement.
- Combined Pituitary and Diencephalon Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003370] —
- Combined Renal and Gonadal Fat Pad Weight [CMO:0003886] — This is a measurement which has been derived by addition of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis and the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney.
- Combined Water and Quinine-water Intake to Total Water Only Intake Ratio [CMO:0001770] — A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added quinine, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine-water is quinine, a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties and that decreases the excitability of the motor end plate, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O).
- Combined Water and Saccharin-water Intake to Total Water Only Intake Ratio [CMO:0001792] — A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added saccharin, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Saccharin-water is saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O).
- Compact Volumetric Bone Mineral Density [CMO:0001730] — Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of cortical bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level.
- Compensatory Renal Growth Score [CMO:0001894] — A calculated measurement of the degree to which a change in the size of the remaining kidney after surgical removal of the other kidney can be attributed to compensatory growth, calculated as the ratio of the normalized weight of a single kidney at the time of surgical removal divided by the similarly normalized weight of the single remaining kidney at a specified period of time after removal. The normalized kidney weight is the weight of the kidney corrected for body weight using an empirically determined allometric scaling factor (i.e., an exponential factor which adjusts for the normal increase in kidney weight due to normal growth and development of the individual). Compensatory growth is the phenomenon in which the impaired function of one organ in a paired organ system or of part of an organ in a single organ system is followed by enlargement of the surviving organ or tissue so that functional capacity is maintained. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes.
- Complete Blood Count and Differential [CMO:0000036] — Value resulting from the quantification of the cellular elements of the blood, including morphological parameters of blood cells, i.e. cells native to the circulation, including those of erythroid, lymphoid, myeloid and monocytic lineages. The CBC/differential indicates the differential counts of white blood cells, counts of red blood cells and platelets, the concentration of hemoglobin, and the hematocrit.
- Concentration of Acetylcholine at Which the Reduction in Force During Dilation of A Blood Vessel is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0000724] — A calculated value for the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during ACh-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of Ach which is the minimum contractile energy).
- Concentration of Angiotensin II at Which the Force of Blood Vessel Contraction is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0001657] — A calculated value for the concentration of angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of AngII is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such AngII-induced contractile energy.
- Concentration of BAY 60-4552 at Which the Reduction in Force During Dilation of A Blood Vessel is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0003413] — A calculated value for the concentration of BAY 60-4552, a small molecule stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of BAY 60-4552 is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during BAY 60-4552-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of BAY 60-4552 which is the minimum contractile energy).
- Concentration of Carbachol at Which the Reduction in Force During Dilation of A Blood Vessel is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0003409] — A calculated value for the concentration of carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of carbachol is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during carbachol-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of carbachol which is the minimum contractile energy).
- Concentration of GSK2181236A at Which the Reduction in Force During Dilation of A Blood Vessel is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0003416] — A calculated value for the concentration of GSK2181236A, a small molecule activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of GSK2181236A is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during GSK2181236A-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of GSK2181236A which is the minimum contractile energy).
- Concentration of Phenylephrine at Which the Force of Blood Vessel Contraction is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0000721] — A calculated value for the concentration of phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of PE is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such PE-induced contractile energy.
- Concentration of Potassium Chloride at Which the Force of Blood Vessel Contraction is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0002462] — A calculated value for the concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of KCl is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such KCl-induced contractile energy. Potassium chloride is the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). It is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels.
- Concentration of Sodium Nitroprusside at Which the Reduction in Force During Dilation of A Blood Vessel is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0000726] — A calculated value for the concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-colored inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of SNP is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during SNP-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of SNP which is the minimum contractile energy).
- Concentration of Vasoconstrictor at Which the Force of Blood Vessel Contraction is Half the Maximum Value (EC50) [CMO:0002464] — A calculated value for the concentration of a vasoconstrictor at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of the stimulus is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such stimulus-induced contractile energy. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls.
- Conduction Velocity [CMO:0002861] — Conduction velocity is calculated as the distance from pacing electrode to the monophasic action potential recording electrode across the epicardial surface, divided by the conduction time, the time from the pacing spike to monophasic action potential onset.
- Congenital Malformation Incidence/prevalence Measurement [CMO:0002752] — Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display congenital malformation(s) at a point in time or develop congenital malformation(s) within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Congenital malformations represent a heterogenous group of structural defects, which are usually identified at birth.
- Connective Tissue Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003356] —
- Consumption Measurement [CMO:0000426] — The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter related to intake or ingestion, especially of food or drink, or a value resulting from such a quantification.
- Copulation Duration [CMO:0000423] — Length of time a female and male pair are in position for sexual union.
- Core Body Temperature [CMO:0001036] — The temperature of the internal tissues and organs of the body.
- Cornea Ribonucleic Acid Level [CMO:0003981] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the cornea, the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure.
- Coronary Blood Flow Rate [CMO:0003907] — The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time.
- Coronary Blood Flow Rate to Heart Weight Ratio [CMO:0003908] — The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time, divided by the total weight of the heart, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing coronary blood flow rate to heart weight.
- Coronary Perfusion Pressure [CMO:0003906] — This is a calculated measurement of the pressure gradient that drives coronary blood pressure. CPP can be measured by calculating the difference between the aortic pressure and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure: Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP) = Aortic Diastolic Pressure Left Ventricular end-diastolic Pressure (LVEDP).
- Coronary Septal Artery Outer Diameter [CMO:0003624] — The average length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a coronary septal artery, a branch of the left anterior descending artery that supplies blood to the interventricular septum of the heart, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall.
- Corpus Callosum Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003381] —
- Count of Superficial Glomeruli Directly Contacting the Kidney Surface [CMO:0001001] — Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis, and directly in contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation.
- Count of Superficial Glomeruli Not Directly Contacting the Kidney Surface [CMO:0001002] — Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis but without any direct contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation.
- Creatinine Clearance [CMO:0000765] — The clearance rate of creatinine, that is, the volume of plasma that is cleared of creatinine by the kidneys per unit time. Creatinine clearance is calculated using the level of creatinine in a sample of urine, usually one collected over a period of 24 hours, the corresponding plasma creatinine level, and the volume of urine excreted. It is used as an approximation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
- Creatinine Clearance to Body Weight Ratio [CMO:0001211] — A calculated measurement in which the value for creatinine clearance is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight.
- Creatinine Clearance to Total Kidney Weight Ratio [CMO:0002070] — A calculated measurement in which the value for the creatinine clearance is divided by the total weight of both kidneys (the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes) and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage.
- Cubic Root of Body Weight to Nasoanal Length Ratio [CMO:0001246] — A calculated measurement of body weight in which it is compared to the length of the organism from nose to anus, thus normalizing it to body length.
- Cultured Cell Ribonucleic Acid Composition Measurement [CMO:0003919] — This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells after in vitro cell culturing for a specified length of time. Cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells from an animal or plant in a favorable artificial environment.
- Cumulative Pancreatic Insulitis Severity Score [CMO:0002302] — A measurement of pancreatic insulitis which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria, for example, based on the degree of inflammatory infiltration into the pancreatic islets.
Data returned: 456 terms all with first letter "C".
Data updated: Sep 01, 2024